[YG Wei]

Hi
I am attempting to simulate the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) using LES in OpenFOAM, but I have encountered some issues with the Reynolds stress. Normally, the streamwise Reynolds stress should exhibit a trend similar to Figure 1, where it increases near the ground and then decreases. However, my results seem to differ. Near the ground, there is a significantly large value as shown in Figure 2.

However, when I visualize the flow field results using Paraview, I observe that the contour plot of the streamwhise Reynolds stress matches the trend in Figure 1. But the line plot in Paraview is more similar to the results depicted in Figure 2. This can be seen in Figure 3.

Can anyone provide insights into what mistakes I might have made?
Best regards,
Wei