[msohail]

here is an important paper about SST
http://cfd.mace.manchester.ac.uk/flo...-SST-paper.pdf

[Bjw]

Dear Henry,

which one of the implemented wall functions do you exactly mean with an adaptive/continuous wall-function? I need to resolve a low-Re flow, using your implemented SST-Model, as accurate as possible.

Thanks,

Björn

[henry]

I am referring to nutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction for incompressible flow and mutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction for compressible flow. Even though these were created for use with the Spalart-Allmaras model they are not dependent on this particular model in any way being generic implementations of the Spalding continuous wall-function using U rather than k as the controlling variable and can be used with other turbulence models.

We tested the kOmegaSST model with the nutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction wall-function and obtained good results, as good as others have obtained with adaptive/continuous wall-functions.

H

[ivan_cozza]

Originally Posted by henry

I am referring to nutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction for incompressible flow and mutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction for compressible flow. Even though these were created for use with the Spalart-Allmaras model they are not dependent on this particular model in any way being generic implementations of the Spalding continuous wall-function using U rather than k as the controlling variable and can be used with other turbulence models.

We tested the kOmegaSST model with the nutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction wall-function and obtained good results, as good as others have obtained with adaptive/continuous wall-functions.

H

Hi to everybody!
Which kind of wall treatment do you use for omega? I've implemented the Menter's omega wall b.c. (Menter, AIAA Journal Vol 32 No 8, 1994), and I used it with kWall = 0 and nutWall = nutWallFunction (maybe nutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction is better) on a low Re mesh of an airfoil, with good results on attached flows, but still not ok results in separated zones...

[madad2005]

Ivan,

Out of curiosity, how are you evaluating results? Using lift-drag data (lift-curve slope, zero-lift angles, stall angles) or against flowfield data (surface pressue, boundary layer rakes, etc)? How do they compare against using omegaWallFunction for omega at the wall? What's your yplus?

[henry]

We used omegaWallFunction for omega.

H

[ivan_cozza]

Originally Posted by madad2005

Ivan,

Out of curiosity, how are you evaluating results? Using lift-drag data (lift-curve slope, zero-lift angles, stall angles) or against flowfield data (surface pressue, boundary layer rakes, etc)? How do they compare against using omegaWallFunction for omega at the wall? What's your yplus?

We use to compare some flow data (wall cp, boundary layer profiles, wake profiles) against some experimental data that we have. We have also comparison with other codes on the same problems. My y+ is less than 2 everywhere, as required from the omega b.c. of Menter.
Now, thanks to Henry's hint, I'm trying Menter's omega b.c. and the Spalart Allmaras wall function for nut, next some results!

[henry]

We have just pushed an enhancement to the omegaWallFunction which now includes both the laminar and log-law components blended as Menter et. al. specify:

Description
Provides a wall function boundary condition/constraint on omega

Computed value is:

omega = sqrt(omega_vis^2 + omega_log^2)

where
omega_vis = omega in viscous region
omega_log = omega in logarithmic region

Model described by Eq.(15) of:
@verbatim
Menter, F., Esch, T.
"Elements of Industrial Heat Transfer Prediction"
16th Brazilian Congress of Mechanical Engineering (COBEM),
Nov. 2001
@endverbatim

H

[ivan_cozza]

Originally Posted by henry

We have just pushed an enhancement to the omegaWallFunction which now includes both the laminar and log-law components blended as Menter et. al. specify:

Description
Provides a wall function boundary condition/constraint on omega

Computed value is:

omega = sqrt(omega_vis^2 + omega_log^2)

where
omega_vis = omega in viscous region
omega_log = omega in logarithmic region

Model described by Eq.(15) of:
@verbatim
Menter, F., Esch, T.
"Elements of Industrial Heat Transfer Prediction"
16th Brazilian Congress of Mechanical Engineering (COBEM),
Nov. 2001
@endverbatim

H

Wonderful!
This could be really a big jump for near wall modelling in OpenFOAM!
Do you have pushed in the 1.6.x version?
And, do you suggest to use it in conjunction with the nutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction in order to model y+ ranges O(1)?
Thank you Henry!

[henry]

> Do you have pushed in the 1.6.x version?

Yes, Andy pushed it into OpenFOAM-1.6.x yesterday.

> And, do you suggest to use it in conjunction with the nutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction in order to model y+ ranges O(1)?

Yes it is probably the best way if you cannot afford the resolution required to run a low-Re model. In the next release we will rename nutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction to nutUSpaldingWallFunction to make it clear that it is a general purpose continuous wall-function using U as the defining variable.

H

[braennstroem]

Hi Henry,

good work! What is your experience with the missing averaging for cells with more than one boundary? Probably, this could produce some trouble!?

Fabian

[henry]

It's not normally a big issue because such cells are usually in corners in which case simple boundary-layer modeling is not strictly applicable and the flow may be complex or stagnant and often unimportant. Nevertheless we have put this on our TODO list so at least the behavior will be the same as the previous implementation of wall-functions.

H

[bastil]

Originally Posted by henry

> Yes it is probably the best way if you cannot afford the resolution required to run a low-Re model. In the next release we will rename nutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction to nutUSpaldingWallFunction to make it clear that it is a general purpose continuous wall-function using U as the defining variable.

Henry,

thanks for the great work and this clarification. This was not really clear to me how 1.6.x handles turbulence modeling. Youre right renaming nutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction to nutUSpaldingWallFunction will make it clearer.
Final question about low-Re models (e.g. LaunderSharmaKE). Tutorials use "calculated" for both k and epsilon at walls, but some in the forum used "calculated". What is the correct one?

Regards BastiL

[henry]

Which tutorials use "calculated" for the wall BC of k and epsilon? This would neither be correct nor would the code run.

H

[bastil]

Originally Posted by henry

Which tutorials use "calculated" for the wall BC of k and epsilon? This would neither be correct nor would the code run.

None. However, some of the users reported tha tin other threads and it seem to run. I was just wondering how it was supposed to be uses.
For the "nutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction"-wall function I learned this can be uses with kOmegaSST quite sucessful. Is it also intended to use it with other of the Hi-Re-Models like Standard K-epsilon or realisable? Thanks.

BastiL

[henry]

Actually the "nutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction"-wall function is generic and obtains the details of the boundary layer from the velocity field rather than k and hence can be used with any of the high-Re turbulence models.

H

[bastil]

Originally Posted by henry

Actually the "nutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction"-wall function is generic and obtains the details of the boundary layer from the velocity field rather than k and hence can be used with any of the high-Re turbulence models.

Thanks, Henry. Now this is clear to me.

Regards.

[muellea]

Dear Henry and RANS-experts,

first of all, thank you for the improved near wall treatement (NWT) of kOmegaSST. I really appreciate it.
However, to have a reliable NWT, 2 questions may arise:

1) Production term:

• From my point of view, the production term of k (called G) looks correct for small y+ and within the log-law region, but the if-condition may cause problems, if y+ is in the buffer layer.
• Some paper propose a smooth blending of this term, which is perhaps less problematic than the implemented if-condition.
• As far as I know, Menter never said (mentioned) a single word about this term. "Just one of this annoying secrets of CFX "
• Fluent proposes that one can use the following formula everywhere, as long as tau_w is consistent with the velocity gradient based on the "automatic wall function". G=[(tau_w)^2]/(kappa*rho*(C_mu)^0.25*sqrt(k)*y)
• What do you think about that? Is the implemented G unproblematic with respect to the buffer-layer?

2) Turbulent thermal diffusivity:

• If we use wall functions for alphat, the following formula is used: alphat=mu_t/Pr_t
• A lot of papers use the temperature profile proposed by Kader. Do you think such an adaptation leads to significant better results in cases with adiabatic walls?

Any comments are welcome. Thanks


Andi

Ps.: As english is not my mother tongue, some statements may sound a bit rude. If this is so, don't take it amiss. It was never my intention.

[muellea]

Sorry wrong thread

[SD@TUB]

Hello FOAMers,

i take my chance to ask some questions about NWT in case of setting boundary conditions on walls. When using wall functions (kOmegaSST in my simulation) i looked in the associated code kqRWallFunctionFvPatchField.H(C), nutWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField.C(H), omegaWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField.C(H) hoping to see what is expected.
The Header description of kqRWallFunction sais: "Simply acts as a zero gradient condition". But when i set the k file like

wall
{
type kqRWallFunction;
}

i get an error message, because OF is missing a value! Why that when treating as zeroGradient. Same problem with omega and nut. In case of a high-Re model i thought, that 'von Neumann'-condition is feasible at all (the need of values when using wallFunctions disagree with that)!???
In my knowledge (i.e. from low-Re Turbulence Modeling) k on walls is 0, because U=0, omega should be high, nut is nearly 0. Are these values expected also in high-Re models when trying to keep y+ within log-law region.
Maybe someone can give advice on NWT boundary conditions in case of high-Re turbulence model.

Thanks in advance!

~stefan