What's the most suitable turbulence model for simulating flow (Re ~ 2000 to 6000) in a rectangular duct with angled inlet and outlet?

The k-e RNG seems to be the best. it contains enhancements for low reynolds number flows and aslo for swirling flow befor and next to your inlet and outlet(curved streamlines). However you know that RSM works better for these flows but solution time will be increased about 170-200%. Also be aware about you wall functions. If you have outlet that causes swiling flows you have to use non-equilibrium wall functions or enhanced wall treatment.

Best Regards

Since wall functions are required, will they still be accurate, if I want to compute say the shear stress at the wall?

I was thinking perhaps v2f ro kw might be more appropriate. no?

If your field is a near wall case and you just want to model near wall, using k-w could be the best. But, if you want to model core flow sorrounded by viscous sublayer and buffer layer k-w is not good selection. If you choose appropiate wall functions the wall shear stresses are accurate too. However, i think in duct flow there is a core flow soorounded by viscous near wall layers, but it may be just visous near wall layers depending on size and dynamic spc. of problem.

Regards

Suppose the calculated Re is less than 1,000 but because of vibrations (say from the pump), a turbulence model is applied. In this case, are near wall models more appropriate (i'm thinking sa or kw)?