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Dear Experts,

I recently do the research about water vapor condensate on porous surface and permeate through the porous material and into the cooling water, please check the diagram as the attachment.

The methods what I used are VOF transient simulation, and k-e model with enhance wall treatment.

For 'Wall 1' in the attached picture, the contact angle is set as 30 degree, and the porosity of porous material is set as 0.3 (30%).

The inlet temperature of gas and water are 337K and 300K, respectively; the inlet velocities of gas and water are 5 m/s and 10 m/s, respectively. Also, the outlet of water is pressure outlet with 50 Pa pressure.

The present results demonstrate that the condensation can be penetrate the porous material, but it seems that cannot into cooling water.

I doubt that the boundary condition of 'Wall 2' might have problem due to no boundary conditions are set.

Could everyone give some suggestions about how to deal with the boundary conditions of 'Wall 2'?

Regards,