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First time i tried domain like this



And i got no good results cause pressure distribution shown problems with BC



I tried to make a circular domain like in this work shown in the next figure



and only with circular domain i get physically reasonable results.

other figures about mesh i used to

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SIMPLE showed better results.

May be it was caused by mesh. Tetra mesh with lower y+ shows similar results. Quad+tri 3D extruded mesh did not demonstrate good Cx, Cy.

1. mesh quad+tri+3D extruded. at 17 grad most flow around airfoil is laminar



2. mesh only tri+3D extruded. at 15 grad flow behind foil is completely turbulent



so this pictures shows that we cannot get proper results for Cx, Cy due to bad prediction of the flow detachment.

try to find a solution, may be OF 2.1 will show better results

So, at the end of the testing OpenFOAM/simpleFoam, i get:

NACA23012
U=21.3, Re=0.44e6,

LowRe case, LaunderSharmaKE:
1. OF 1.7 cannot solve the case with kEpsilon on hex+tetra 2D mesh. It just crashes.

2. There are a lots of details when you use LowRe LSkEps model, you need lots of iteration, lots of interpolation data to provide better accuracy.

3. People invented k-omega for different flows near the walls. And better one - kOmega...